Old People Driving Draft Essay - 785 Words

Throughout the United States of America there is an abundance of issues in regard to civilians causing problems on the roads, which we drive on every day. Issues such as driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs, reckless driving and lack of attention paid while driving are the first problems that would come to ones mind when thinking about the dangers that we can all potentially face on the road. But an issue that I would like to address that a lot of people do not consider a hazard on the road is elderly civilians behind the wheel on the same roads as us. This is a problem that has not been so much sporadic, but rather quite frequent and this is something that cannot be put on a pedestal any longer. It is time for our elders†¦show more content†¦The AARP, the largest association of older Americans, opposes the idea of license restrictions and the testing of elderly drivers, due to the belief that these procedures are transpiring because of age discrimination. What’s more dangerous, drivers under twenty or drivers over seventy? While older drivers have decades of experience, the statistics on these two groups will probably surprise you. It says on Smartmotorist.com that older drivers are more likely than younger ones to be involved in multi-vehicle crashes, particularly at intersections. So if you feel bad for older people that have to re-take their license, think again. It could be you who gets in a fender bender with your eighty year old neighbor. While it’s true that elderly people have a lot more experience than the younger drivers on the road today, they also have a lot more health issues that could cause an accident. With age comes diminishing eye sight, hearing, and especially reflexive response. I agree with the laws today that state people over a certain age are required to re-take the drivers license test. I’ve had many experiences riding in the car with elderly people that make me stick to what I believe to day. Just a few examples for you. . . My friend’s grandma was taking me to the airport and on the way over there she ran through a red light. Scary thing is, she hadn’t even realized she had run it. I was too scared to even sayShow MoreRelatedU.s. Department Of Defense1015 Words   |  5 Pagescall up more forces. In a major conflict, the United States may even set up the draft, requesting soldiers from the civilian population. The idea of the draft has been around since ancient times. The United States has enforced many different draft systems to fill its military in both times or war and peace. In 1973, near the end of the Vietnam War, the Selective Service announced that there would not be any more draft calls. Today, the United States is an all-volunteer military, which means thatRead MoreWe Can Fight in a War, but Cant Have a Drink?877 Words   |  4 PagesPeople have always told me that high school and college would be the best times of my life. Not only do yo ung adults get to venture off from home on their own during college, but they finally get to make their own decisions without having to wait for the approval from a parent. Yes, high school was very fun, but for some reason it just can’t be compared to college life. What else could possibly be the blame for this other than the parties? College parties are very outgoing, but they also create aRead More Dont Know Essay572 Words   |  3 Pages Everyone knows that it is illegal to consume alcohol until the age of 21. Many people are In agreement with this legal restriction. Some would even say that it needs to be raised. Why is 21 the quot;magicalquot; age that makes one intelligent and mature enough to consume alcohol? Surely, some adults abuse alcohol and some teenagers would be perfectly able to drink responsibly. Many have asked the question, should the drinking age be lowered from age twenty-one to age eighteen. The national drinkingRead MoreEssay My Experience Attending a n Aa Meeting866 Words   |  4 PagesAll Saints Lutheran Church the home group called â€Å"The Young People’s Group† there were people who had come from all walks of life. The group meeting that I thought would have been rather small slowly became larger and larger over the course of the night. I was unaware that the AA meetings had been setup with a set of codes or rules for those who struggle every day to fight this addiction. They allowed people who were new or if it was their first meeting to introduce themselves and tell their storyRead MoreProhibition Of The National Minimum Drinking Age Act1376 Words   |  6 Pagesand social urges alcohol pursues. Throughout these thirteen years, people corruptly consumed, produced, and distributed alcohol as if the regulations instituted by the government were suggestions. After the Prohibition laws were lifted in 1993, the drinking age was set at twenty one but was later lowered to eighteen because of the passage of th e 26th amendment which lowered the voting age to eighteen. In order to combat drunk driving, The National Minimum Drinking Age Act was passed and stated thatRead MoreThe Stock Market Crash Of 19291400 Words   |  6 PagesNothing is more irritating then hearing the elderly patronized and spoken to like a dog. They’re not idiots. They’re people whose bodies have grown old. These people once had hobbies, careers and aspirations just like most of society does now. They are the reason for the luxuries and advancements in technology that people take for granted. The choices they made helped shaped American history. One example of this is Jorge Flores. Jorge grew up in the Great Depression, was a subject to discriminationRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered955 Words   |  4 Pagesallow the kids to gain knowledge on the dangers of drinking, whether it is drinking and driving or over consumption. Overall this would help to reduce injuries and fatalities from dr inking due to the simple fact that everyone will be educated on the risk and dangers of alcoholism. A countless number of the population will argue that it should be legal to go into a bar and order a beer when eighteen years old, because in the United States the age of adulthood is eighteen. There are numerous opportunitiesRead MoreThe Cost Of Travelling By Bus1582 Words   |  7 Pagescarryon bag can enhance your trip. Make Traveling By Bus More Enjoyable: Catch Up On Your Reading or Writing If you are a writer, a child who is away from home or parents traveling, while spending the time in your seat traveling by bus, pull out the old pad and pen and catch up on those letters you need to write. Even with the popularity of the internet and email capabilities, a handwritten letter can be a very special treat for a parent or elderly relative. Remember there are some who do not nor everRead MoreLowering The Drinking Age From Twenty857 Words   |  4 Pagestheir life. However, being an adult has more responsibilities and freedom. For example, tobacco is now legally available for p urchase to an eighteen year old, voting for our government officials, being able to marry, join juries, and sign contracts without a parent’s signature. Additionally, turning eighteen males have to sign up for the draft and can fight in the military; however, they cannot legally have a drink. Eighteen is the age when everyone becomes an adult. Therefore, should be trustedRead MoreRegulate Use of Cell Phones on the Road1330 Words   |  6 PagesWhen a cell phone goes off in a classroom or at a concert, people are irritated, but at least lives are not endangered. When on the road, however, irresponsible cell phone users are more than irritating: They are putting our lives at risk. Many of us have witnessed drivers so distracted by dialing and chatting that they resemble drunk drivers, weaving between lanes, for example, or nearly running down pedestrians in crosswalks. A number of bills to regulate use of cell phones on the road have been

Democracy Essay - 715 Words

Beginning in the early 1600’s, America received a flood of emigrants seeking religious freedom, an escape from political oppression and economic gains. The emergence of Democracy in colonial America can be attributed to the coming about of several institutions and documents. During this time there were governing bodies, which presided over certain colonies, but no unified system. Many of the laws and freedoms that we possess in America today were established based on the trials and the statutes that were created because of them. The John Peter Zenger trial is a prime example of how a trial established a well-known statute of freedom of the press. The General School Act of 1647 was the origin of modern education laws and the Maryland†¦show more content†¦In Connecticut, in 1639 the Fundamental Orders were established as the plan of government. New England towns also began to grow larger, and so most of them began to hold town meetings in which local issues could be dis cussed, which is very similar to our modern local governments. Virginia, Massachusetts, and Connecticut all had very similar governments, each with a constitution, a governor, and a representative assembly, much like the US Government today. Our government also guarantees many rights and freedoms, which had their origins in colonial America. Some first amendment rights such as freedom of the press and freedom of religion were first established during colonial America. The John Peter Zenger trial in the 1730’s helped foster the idea of freedom of the press. Zenger was the publisher of a New York Newspaper, in which he published articles criticizing the governor of New York. He went to trial, but was acquitted based on the fact that what he printed was true. This case also helped form the political belief in the United States that citizens have the right to criticize the government. The Maryland Toleration Act of 1649, although it did not bring about complete religious freedom, did establish a basis for today’s first amendment right of freedom of religion. It was created by the politically powerful Catholics in Maryland to provide protectionShow MoreRelatedDemocracy Is Not A Democracy1297 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Democracy... while it lasts is more bloody than either aristocracy or monarchy. Remember, democracy never lasts long. It soon wastes, exhausts, and murders itself. There is never a democracy that did not commit suicide.† said by John Adams Defines our country s government to a tea Democracy commonly refers to a type of political system in which the people or their representatives lawfully govern themselves, rather than being governed, say, by a military dictatorship, totalitarian party or monarchRead MoreDemocracy : Democracy Vs. Democracy1589 Words   |  7 PagesDemocracy is a Greek invention, first practiced in the ancient Greek city of Athens. In the late 20th century, Democracy triumphed over all other major ideological sy stems, so overpowering was its victory that former critics now began to advocate their own democratic credentials. The vigorous rise of democracy has continued ever since and today there are over 112 self-proclaimed democratic countries around the world(Kekic 2007), whether all these countries are truly democratic or not is debatableRead MoreDemocracy And Its Impact On Democracy965 Words   |  4 Pages How are they related to democracy, concepts discuss the procedures that make democracy possible. Democracy related to our lives by looking for the right thing to do, for every one of us have equality and freedom of speech, we could have multiple ideas it might change the ideology of the country, we also could related the democracy by looking at the facts. The facts are Free Elections, Political Participation, Civil Liberties, and Functioning Government. The democracy is one of the most common typesRead MoreDemocracy And Its Impact On Democracy1329 Words   |  6 Pages Democracy is a particular form of government the means, â€Å"ruled by the people†. The Greeks are widely credited for the concept of democracy, around six B.C. Many political science experts consider the early Greek government, to be a perfect for of democracy. People had the ability to decide various government issues, and the right to suffrage. Through out time, the concept of democracy was established by many nations. The United States, is widely credited on making democracy widely used aroundRead MoreDemocracy : A Perfect Democracy1398 Words   |  6 PagesDemocracy at its purest form is a system of government, which allows each and every citizen to participate actively and equally in the decisions being made. In a perfect democracy, the decisions made the government are perfect representations of what the people want. In reality, a perfect democracy is nearly impossible, especially when dealing with a population as large as the United States, but there are still techniq ues and systems that can be implemented into a society in which democracy can beRead MoreDemocracy Vs Democracy1193 Words   |  5 Pagesthat I think has created the most success for the government and its people is democracy. The definition of democracy is a â€Å"political system of mass participation, competitive elections, and human and civil rights (Roskin 88).† This is the clear definition of democracy, but there are many different forms for example there is a representative democracy and illiberal democracy. These follow the same guideline of democracy, but have there own individual definition. Unfortunately, there is no perfectRead MoreDemocracy And Its Effect On Democracy894 Words   |  4 PagesDemocracy in its most basic form is a type of governing system ruled by the citizens of a particular society. The first form of democracy can be found in ancient Greece, and the modern form of Democracy was established in part by the French revolution because it brought bac k the idea of rule by the people. Although, for most of history democracy was not viewed in a positive light. According to Mintz, Close, and Croci many people feared democracy because they thought the masses would not act withRead MoreDemocracy And Its Effect On Democracy Essay2111 Words   |  9 PagesOver the past quarter-century, democracy has stood at the center of political debate in many countries and it is a constant concern of the political and social sciences. Since its origins in ancient Greece, democracy was seen as a form of government where power was exercised by the people, that is, where political decisions were made by the majority. Today, democracy enjoys great recognition, but it is important to bear in mind that where democracy is now the preferred constitution, we can not forgetRead MoreDemocracy And Its Lack Of Democracy2099 Words   |  9 Pagesoligarchy, democracy, and tyranny. Most shocking critique throughout the discussion is about democracy and its ineff ectiveness to rule. Plato’s disagreement of democracy does not involve of what we are acquainted with today, but rather the idea of democracy. Plato explores the central strain of the government that is acknowledged with liberty and fairness. Also, this form of government known for its embracement of freedom and equality. Plato’s description and disagreement about democracy is correctRead MoreDemocracy843 Words   |  4 PagesDemocracy Essay 1 Democracy is a means for the people to choose their leaders and to hold their leaders accountable for their policies and their conduct in office. The key role of citizens in a democracy is to participate in public life. Democracy is also a system of rule by laws, not by individuals. Democracy is not a government. It is a way of thinking and a responsibility

Twilight 23. THE ANGEL Free Essays

23. THE ANGEL As I drifted, I dreamed. Where I floated, under the dark water, I heard the happiest sound my mind could conjure up – as beautiful, as uplifting, as it was ghastly. We will write a custom essay sample on Twilight 23. THE ANGEL or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was another snarl; a deeper, wilder roar that rang with fury. I was brought back, almost to the surface, by a sharp pain slashing my upraised hand, but I couldn’t find my way back far enough to open my eyes. And then I knew I was dead. Because, through the heavy water, I heard the sound of an angel calling my name, calling me to the only heaven I wanted. â€Å"Oh no, Bella, no!† the angel’s voice cried in horror. Behind that longed-for sound was another noise – an awful tumult that my mind shied away from. A vicious bass growling, a shocking snapping sound, and a high keening, suddenly breaking off†¦ I tried to concentrate on the angel’s voice instead. â€Å"Bella, please! Bella, listen to me, please, please, Bella, please!† he begged. Yes, I wanted to say. Anything. But I couldn’t find my lips. â€Å"Carlisle!† the angel called, agony in his perfect voice. â€Å"Bella, Bella, no, oh please, no, no!† And the angel was sobbing tearless, broken sobs. The angel shouldn’t weep, it was wrong. I tried to find him, to tell him everything was fine, but the water was so deep, it was pressing on me, and I couldn’t breathe. There was a point of pressure against my head. It hurt. Then, as that pain broke through the darkness to me, other pains came, stronger pains. I cried out, gasping, breaking through the dark pool. â€Å"Bella!† the angel cried. â€Å"She’s lost some blood, but the head wound isn’t deep,† a calm voice informed me. â€Å"Watch out for her leg, it’s broken.† A howl of rage strangled on the angel’s lips. I felt a sharp stab in my side. This couldn’t be heaven, could it? There was too much pain for that. â€Å"Some ribs, too, I think,† the methodical voice continued. But the sharp pains were fading. There was a new pain, a scalding pain in my hand that was overshadowing everything else. Someone was burning me. â€Å"Edward.† I tried to tell him, but my voice was so heavy and slow. I couldn’t understand myself. â€Å"Bella, you’re going to be fine. Can you hear me, Bella? I love you.† â€Å"Edward,† I tried again. My voice was a little clearer. â€Å"Yes, I’m here.† â€Å"It hurts,† I whimpered. â€Å"I know, Bella, I know† – and then, away from me, anguished – â€Å"can’t you do anything?† â€Å"My bag, please†¦ Hold your breath, Alice, it will help,† Carlisle promised. â€Å"Alice?† I groaned. â€Å"She’s here, she knew where to find you.† â€Å"My hand hurts,† I tried to tell him. â€Å"I know, Bella. Carlisle will give you something, it will stop.† â€Å"My hand is burning!† I screamed, finally breaking through the last of the darkness, my eyes fluttering open. I couldn’t see his face, something dark and warm was clouding my eyes. Why couldn’t they see the fire and put it out? His voice was frightened. â€Å"Bella?† â€Å"The fire! Someone stop the fire!† I screamed as it burned me. â€Å"Carlisle! Her hand!† â€Å"He bit her.† Carlisle’s voice was no longer calm, it was appalled. I heard Edward catch his breath in horror. â€Å"Edward, you have to do it.† It was Alice’s voice, close by my head. Cool fingers brushed at the wetness in my eyes. â€Å"No!† he bellowed. â€Å"Alice,† I moaned. â€Å"There may be a chance,† Carlisle said. â€Å"What?† Edward begged. â€Å"See if you can suck the venom back out. The wound is fairly clean.† As Carlisle spoke, I could feel more pressure on my head, something poking and pulling at my scalp. The pain of it was lost in the pain of the fire. â€Å"Will that work?† Alice’s voice was strained. â€Å"I don’t know,† Carlisle said. â€Å"But we have to hurry.† â€Å"Carlisle, I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Edward hesitated. â€Å"I don’t know if I can do that.† There was agony in his beautiful voice again. â€Å"It’s your decision, Edward, either way. I can’t help you. I have to get this bleeding stopped here if you’re going to be taking blood from her hand.† I writhed in the grip of the fiery torture, the movement making the pain in my leg flare sickeningly. â€Å"Edward!† I screamed. I realized my eyes were closed again. I opened them, desperate to find his face. And I found him. Finally, I could see his perfect face, staring at me, twisted into a mask of indecision and pain. â€Å"Alice, get me something to brace her leg!† Carlisle was bent over me, working on my head. â€Å"Edward, you must do it now, or it will be too late.† Edward’s face was drawn. I watched his eyes as the doubt was suddenly replaced with a blazing determination. His jaw tightened. I felt his cool, strong fingers on my burning hand, locking it in place. Then his head bent over it, and his cold lips pressed against my skin. At first the pain was worse. I screamed and thrashed against the cool hands that held me back. I heard Alice’s voice, trying to calm me. Something heavy held my leg to the floor, and Carlisle had my head locked in the vise of his stone arms. Then, slowly, my writhing calmed as my hand grew more and more numb. The fire was dulling, focusing into an ever-smaller point. I felt my consciousness slipping as the pain subsided. I was afraid to fall into the black waters again, afraid I would lose him in the darkness. â€Å"Edward,† I tried to say, but I couldn’t hear my voice. They could hear me. â€Å"He’s right here, Bella.† â€Å"Stay, Edward, stay with me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I will.† His voice was strained, but somehow triumphant. I sighed contentedly. The fire was gone, the other pains dulled by a sleepiness seeping through my body. â€Å"Is it all out?† Carlisle asked from somewhere far away. â€Å"Her blood tastes clean,† Edward said quietly. â€Å"I can taste the morphine.† â€Å"Bella?† Carlisle called to me. I tried to answer. â€Å"Mmmmm?† â€Å"Is the fire gone?† â€Å"Yes,† I sighed. â€Å"Thank you, Edward.† â€Å"I love you,† he answered. â€Å"I know,† I breathed, so tired. I heard my favorite sound in the world: Edward’s quiet laugh, weak with relief. â€Å"Bella?† Carlisle asked again. I frowned; I wanted to sleep. â€Å"What?† â€Å"Where is your mother?† â€Å"In Florida,† I sighed. â€Å"He tricked me, Edward. He watched our videos.† The outrage in my voice was pitifully frail. But that reminded me. â€Å"Alice.† I tried to open my eyes. â€Å"Alice, the video – he knew you, Alice, he knew where you came from.† I meant to speak urgently, but my voice was feeble. â€Å"I smell gasoline,† I added, surprised through the haze in my brain. â€Å"It’s time to move her,† Carlisle said. â€Å"No, I want to sleep,† I complained. â€Å"You can sleep, sweetheart, I’ll carry you,† Edward soothed me. And I was in his arms, cradled against his chest – floating, all the pain gone. â€Å"Sleep now, Bella† were the last words I heard. How to cite Twilight 23. THE ANGEL, Essay examples

Management Consultancy and Toolkit

Question: Discuss about the Management Consultancy and Toolkit. Answer: Introduction The modern world has provided business organization with scopes of expansion as well as confronted its growth with several management issues. In addition to developing competencies, companies now focus on ensuring a safe and sound degree of performance as well. According to Desai (2013), it is noted that every other firm is now confronted with an extensive competition and is thereby forced to actively indulge in solving existing issues. It is noted that a positive change in the market conditions has allowed enterprises to concentrate on serving the people in a much better manner, but also secure long term sustainability. In addition to focussing on adding value to a brand name, the management system also considers problem management. Moreover, in order to develop competencies, the managers also tend to work in collaboration with the taskforce (Sloan, Legrand and Chen 2013). A rise in the abilities significantly contributes towards solving problems of a brand. Concerning the United Arab Emirates, it is recognized to be the world`s one of the most rapidly developing nation`s across the globe. In the words of Cortese and Sahli (2015), with a diversity of resources, the country has successfully ensured its optimum utilization and has further provided the business firms to maximize capabilities not only at the domestic but also at the international level. However, it is noted that the hospitality industry is faced with several issues that has significantly affected profitability. There has been a noticeable fluctuation in the internal management of hospitality brand over UAE in the last few years. It is noted that a downfall of abilities has consequently affected developmental levels. The widespread develop of the nation has attracted visitors from all around the world (Morris and Kazi 2016). It is noted that a significant rise in the tourism industry has led to a consequent rise in the hospitality sector as well. For this particular project, UAE`s well known organization named Abu Dhabi National Hotel has been taken into consideration. Being founded about four decades ago, the brand now runs successfully in the nation and is also known as one of the most recognizable hotel in the world. It is noted that the hotel runs as a joint venture with a UK based Compass Group PLC (Adnh.com. 2016). Like every other business firm, the ADNH is also confronted with several issues that affect business development process. Being an attention grabbing aspect, there has been a identification of several problem solving aspects that has acted as helping hand towards dissolving issues (Adnh.com. 2016). Additionally, the report tends to analyze the existing issues in the brand and lend a hand towards solving them. In addition to several conceptual models, problems solving approach and analysis of the intervention, the project also includes a detailed insight of the problem and its degree of impact. Literature Review According to Assaf and Barros (2013), United Arab Emirates is known for its widespread hotel and accommodation business sector. Being one of the most famous tourist destinations, the nation has provided brands with various growth opportunities. The cosmopolitan natured country is also known for the several rapidly progressing brands. In addition to hotel reports, studies conducted by experts reveal the extensive range of operational activities. Like every other company performing in the country, the hotel firms are also confronted with various external and internal issues (Kolb 2014). Apart from mitigating the negative externalities, the internal problems are also a huge concern for the highly experienced team of enterprises. It is noted that hospitality companies unlike the other business sectors have a diversified concept, which ultimately gives rise to several individual issues (Ahmad and Saber 2015). Moreover, the industry in UAE has been experiencing increased number of management issues that has become the concern of the managers. The recent report of the Abu Dhabi National Hotels (ADNH) infers that the company has been struggling with the organisational performance since 2012. The performance of the company has fallen drastically that has further reduced the profitability of the company. As stated by Cortese and Sahli (2015), in order to gain an entry into the organisational management issues and its impact, a thorough analysis of the organisation including its financial status, market analysis is performed. Business Management Issues and Effect As stated by Ahmad (2015), there has been a noticeable fluctuation in the internal management of hospitality brand over UAE in the last few years. It is noted that a downfall of abilities has consequently affected developmental levels. Most of the organisations in the hospitality sector face some of the common issues of management that hampers the organisational performance and the sustainability of the organisation in the market. There involves conflict in the accountability of the organisation which are difficult and unpleasant to handle by the managers. Moreover, other issues that the organisations face is the issue related to the effective establishment of clear and measurable objectives for the employees to work on. In the opinion of Sternberg and Frensch (2014), optimising the objectives of the employees are a common issue as well as a partial answer to the accountability of the organisation. In the recent times, Abu Dhabi National Hotel has been going through a number of managerial issues that are a result of various factors and managerial decisions. Being one of the well-known companies in the hospitality sector of UAE, the company is managed by a line of managers (Carnmarata, McArthur and Steeb 2014). The major decisions that the organisation considers has a significant impact on the business activity of ADNH. The company had announced that the former IHG and Accor senior executive Ignace Bauwens would be appointed as the new CEO of the company. The new CEO aimed to increase the value of the brand and the stakeholder of the company under his leadership and guidance. As the organisational position was unstable, the new CEO tried to strengthen the commitment of ADNH with the people, quality, strategy and the development of the company. As opined by Dekker et al. (2013), the main issues that Abu Dhabi National Hospitals is facing are the lack of labour and the skills in the organisation. There is a growing shortage of the skilled and qualified employees in the organisation. Therefore, the productivity of the employees reduces along with the organisational productivity as a whole. Furthermore, the construction and renovation cost of the company has increased at a steady pace that lead to the decline in the profit margin. Even if the sales revenue of ADNH remained nearly constant, the increased expenses of operation brought down the profit margin of the company (Adnh.com. 2016). According to R. Huscroft et al. (2013), the failure of the management system to identify the new technology available in the market also adds to the management risk as the competitors of the company go ahead of ADNH. Concerning the human resource management, the psychographic and behavioural aspect also tends to be affecting performance levels of the taskforce. Further, interpersonal conflicts tend to affect business conditions as well. A decrease in social concepts often leads to a downfall in motivation, morale and engagement levels of employees. Additionally, an opaque communication between the management levels also acts as a hurdle in developing capabilities (Hoque 2013). Further, the employee development is a huge neglected area in the organisation (Heizer, Render and Munson 2016). The employee satisfaction level within the workplace indicates that the managers of ADNH do not effectively meet the development needs. This further leads to disengagement of the employees into the organisational activities and employee retention issues. Based on the public produced reports, it can be understood that labour shortage, construction costs and financial aspects has been in an unstable conditions over the last few years. Robin Hansons theory of consultancy The theory argues on the fact that why the firm does seeks the assistance of the big consultancy firms for business management when most of the effective ideas and strategies are obtained from young generation. The consultancy firms take the help of these youth to collect data on the best practices. As per the theory, the firms have misallocations of resources that cause most of the employees working for the company to get an idea about the issues of the organisation and the workable situation. The issues in the organisation increases when the individuals of the organisation who have the high status are likely to remain resistant to the changes. One of the reasons behind remaining resistant is that they observe lowering of their individual status by adapting to those changes. Furthermore, most of the consultants underestimates the firms and considers them to be dysfunctional. The managers of the organisation are able to identify the needs but are usually unable to address those needs . The coalition can therefore play an effective role in blocking the initiative of the managers. Problem Addressing In order to detect internal problems the management of ADNH tends to develop a free flow of communication between the heads and their staff members. Further, a service desk also used to learn about the stakeholders (Park and Allen 2013). The system of automated detection has also been fruitful in locating problems. The topic of problem management in the hotel industry has evolved to be one of the most concerning issues. Additionally reactive and proactive generation of service operation has also been taken into consideration by the supervisor. Problems can be detected in the following ways: Communication : According to Kotas (2014), a two way channel is emphasized by the manager of hotels. In addition to providing targets, orders, and every other necessary information to the employees, a transparent connection requires a feedback. Additionally exchanges of data with the external world and learning about the competitor or the market as a whole also have a detecting problem. Production reports: It is often that managers refer to the production quality and target reports to learn about the prevailing situation of the brand. Moreover the departmental supervisor is also kept under a continuous monitoring system which not only guides them but also helps in identifying areas of gap. Comparing the achieved the production it the previous years and the forecasted results proves to be helpful. Financial reports : Hotel business tends to function and carryout operational activities within a plan and mutually accepted financial budget. Also, the seals and profit statement are used to identify pitfalls in an organization (Lockyer 2013). When compare with the earlier physical reports the present situation helps the management to understand the areas of problem. Customer feedback : Among all other methods the customer feedback are considered to be the most impacting and beneficial aspect for detecting issues. Additionally it is inferred that the clients form the most important take holders of a company. Hotels in UAE tend to prioritize the visitor`s individual concern and feedbacks for improvement. According to Wang, Chen and Chen (2012), it is noted that hotel brands maintain a continuous check on progress levels to ensure a smooth and secured growth area. Further, the aspect of problem management has evolved to be one of the most impacting and decision affecting factors in the business world. Apart from the mainstream issues, hotels are also confronted with several security concerning aspects. In addition to focussing on a well planned training and development of the stakeholders, managers also tend towards securing legal and lawful constraints. Further, it is noted that safety minded customers also noticeably contribute in addressing the prevailing issues (Hicks 2013). Identification of problems is a great concern for the well reputed Abu Dhabi National Hotel. As compared to the small scaled problems in the daily functioning of the hotel, the management issues tend to be a concerning area for the brand. Collecting Information Like every other business firms, the ADNH also focuses on collecting information to learn about the internalities of the brand. It is noted that the managers work in collaboration with the employees to monitor growth and further check on pitfalls. Additionally, there lay several methods in which information can be collected. Being a largely expanded firm, the hotel have access to expertise and skilled experts who not only help in gathering information and identifying lacking areas, but also concentrates on restoring situations (Abe and Kudo 2016). The various ways in which data can be collected are the following: Surveys: The mail assessment of internal stakeholders help in understanding areas of pitfalls. As stated by Egan (2013), being a non time consuming aspect and covering a large number people at a single time, the process tends to be fruitful for business. Additionally, the objective interpretation and standardization also helps the managers to detect internal problems. It is noted that the surveys are often mail bases, group oriented and telephonic. Interviews: The departmental interviews provide managers with individual perspectives and more detailed insights. Further, the well panned and organized enquiry also tends to identify gaps in the business framework. Despite of being a time consuming and expensive method, the interviews contribute towards developing conditions as well. Focus Groups: The management of ADNH often tend to set up individual groups that help in interpreting interviewed forms (com. 2016). In addition to the cooperative method, the responses of an individual tend to guide decision making of others as well. Moreover, the time consuming process also noticeably contributes towards developing situations (Egan 2013). Observation: A close framed monitoring of gains and performance levels helps the management of the brand to provide necessary information. With a motive to identify areas of gap and fill them up, the supervisors opt to observe the functional areas as a whole. Being a diversified subject, problems in ADNH are monitored by the management team. Further, the taskforce are also monitored by the managers of the firm not only to provide them with a proper guidance, but also to check on their growth levels. Additionally, the team problems and organization based issues are a subject to the automated monitoring systems as well. In the words of Koripadu and Subbaiah (2014), it is noted that an integration of technology has allowed the hotel to successfully check functioning of the tracking systems as well. Consultancy Process and Approach As opined by Stoverink et al. (2014), the individuals in the organisation are often blamed for the ineffective work and the inefficiency although the issues are mainly caused due to the poor work processes in the organisation. The flaws in the management system can thus be held responsible for the poor work process of the organisation. The implementation of the consultancy process and the approach is useful in the scenario as the goal of the process is to minimise the mistakes made by the individuals while working in the organisation, reduce the miscommunication and increases the focus of the stakeholders on their particular roles and its requirements. The consultancy process is thus beneficial for the organisation as it allows the managers to achieve diverse benefits beyond cost savings and increasing the value of the stakeholders. According to N. Torres and Kline (2013), the process and the approaches of consultancy reduces the time to market the new products or services offered by the company and boost up the morale and productivity of the employees. According to Wolfe, Phillips and Asperin (2014), the consultancy process and the approach that the managers of ADNH can implement in order to deal with the issues in the management system of the company and thereby increase the organisational development include four basic models. The four basic consultancy models are expert model, medical model, process model and the emergent model. The Expert model: The expert model is one of the most used models in the organisation among the other consultancy models. As stated by Sturdy, Wylie and Wright (2013), the model mentions that the managers of the organisation decides to involve some internal or external individual into the organisation in order to deal with the needs of the company and fulfil those needs. The individual plays an important role, as it is their responsibility to draft a report recommending solutions to fix the issues faced by the organisation. The expert model is effective as it can be used to fix issues related to technical issues such as engineering, financial, mechanical and the managerial issues of the company. The success of the model depends on various factors such as whether the internal or the external individual responsible for recommending solutions and strategies to the company has been able to understand the needs or issues appropriately. The effective communication of the need or issues of the company to the consultant also play an important role. The assessment of the capabilities of the consultant is also one of the factors. It is further to be noticed that the approaches, strategies and the actual recommendation considered by the expert fits the organisation, the culture, internal and the external structure of the organisation. Jeston and Nelis (2014) further added that the model gives the expected outcome only when the organisation is ready to support the recommendation and implement that recommendation into the workplace. It is important to ensure whether the formal and the informal political dynamics create hindrance for the company or support the organisation in the process of development. As stated by Davenport (2013), despite of being an interdependent aspect, the expert model tends to gather a lot of attention from the management of the firm. The expert help not only helps in developing competencies, but also lends a hand towards supporting individual ideas and initiatives. Moreover, it is noted that there is a smooth process of decision making in presence of the aspect in the hotel framework. The additional knowledge and understanding significantly helps in developing competencies. As compared to the other methods, managers emphasize on the use of the expert model due to its practical and real approach. The Medical Model: As per the medical model, the managers of the organisation consider to bring in a consultant into the workplace who will keep a check on the organisational activities to ensure whether the stakeholders of the company are working effectively or not. The consultant is responsible for carrying out both diagnosis and prescription for the organisation. The model is appealing to the managers as the responsibilities lies with the consultant and not with the management for the success. The tools and the methods that are known to the consultants are only used in the process. As per the assumptions of the model, the consultant itself can carry out the accurate information about the diagnosis. The tools that are used in the process that effectively fit into the situation and the culture of the organisation are the standard, prescribed, and off-the-shelf assessment tools. Moreover, the model considers that the stakeholders of the organisation will not exaggerate, distort or withhold information from the consultant, as doing so will cause faulty diagnosis by the consultant. However, the model confidently assumes that the stakeholders of the company will automatically accept the diagnosis done and the recommendations provided. This is one of the loopholes as it is not the scenario always. While, it is also noted that the external or internal consultant often tends to look forwards towards locating issues and helping the management in taking decisions concerning its health regaining. Acting as a doctor, the expert frames perceptions and ultimately helps the ho tel mangers to develop conditions. The Process Model: In the opinion of Jeston and Nelis (2014), the process model of the consultancy process is a part of activities that supports the managers of the organisation to perceive, understand and act on the events of the process that takes place in the organisation so as to enhance the situation. The process includes a chain of micro-processes that are interconnected to each other and helps in the development of readiness and ownership. In order to create the required degree of responsibility and the accountability in the process of change and development so that the profitability of the on-going success is improved, the ownership is developed. Being a series of processes that help a consultant in solving issues, problem management and developing business conditions, the model tends to facilitate decision making as well. Despite of being an inter-related aspect, the management of the hotel form several assumptions, organize a separate expertise team and regularly learn about consultancy. The necessary assumption of the model is that one of the main functions of the model is to pass on the diagnosis skills and the skills to resolve the problems of the organisation effectively. This helps the managers of the company to deal with the issues even in the future times. The model focuses on the joint diagnosis and it supports the managers to understand what the information infers to the organisation. The change in the development process can be designed according to the organisation and as per the strategic focus, issues, and dynamics, driving factors, culture, critical success factors and the external environment of the company. Furthermore, Stoverink et al. (2014) supported the model by stating that the organisation can obtain more effective results if they diagnose the issues on their own and lead their individual intervention to address the issues. The company can develop new competencies by mutually engaging and forming partners with the Process consultancy consultant. The Emergent Model: There are two elements that are discussed in the emergent model of the consultancy approach are the chaos theory and the complex adaptive system. The chaos theory studies the behaviour of the dynamic system within the workplace that is too sensitive to the initial conditions. According to Barber and Deale (2014), the theory explains that a little difference in the initial condition results in diverging outcomes for the chaotic system. It is noted that the ongoing process not only holds up a differentiation between the functional processes, but also unfolds openness, discovery and invention. Further, the practice of the model significantly helps in developing new work patterns, power technologies, set up social engagement, promote creativity and further solve problems. The complex adaptive system of the approach is adaptive networks that are influenced by the internal and the external factors in an systematic manner. The network constantly evolves in the dynamic, fluid and chaotic environment. The metaphysical postulant assumes that there exist two things in the same place and the time. The system consists of different heterogeneous agents and each of these agents creates decisions regarding how to behave. The model further states that the decisions in the organisation evolve over the time. The agents in the model interact with one another and the interaction leads to real way where the overall system is higher than the sum of the parts. The skills that are required in the consultancy process are the sales skills, communication skills, analytical skills, ability to synthesize, capability to take up initiatives, computer skills, creative ability and the skills to give effective labour. These skills are very necessary to so to achieve the expected results from the implementation of the consultancy process and approach in the organisation. Intervention Analysis The management issues that ADNH faces needs to be effectively addressed so that the impact of the issues can be minimised and the profit level of the company is improved. In order to do so the consultancy process is required to be conducted appropriately. The consultancy process thus involves five phases that are implemented within the organisation. The relationship-based consulting model follows a logical progression of the activities and the behaviour of the organisation. The first phase of the process refers to the entry and contracting. Hicks (2013) opined that the step begins as there is a establishment of relation between the consultant and the organisation. This relationship helps to understand whether the skills of the consultant are appropriate to address the needs and the issues of ADHN or not. The process of clarifying the expectations of the efforts and the characteristics are also a part of the process. The second phase of the consultancy process includes the discovery and the dialogues. Discovery can be considered as a systematic approach that can be used to gain the required information about the organisation (Proctor 2014). The dialogue is a process that includes the collaboration between the consultant and the members of the organisation in order to gain the information from the information that are gathered in the overall process. The third phase of the process is the feedback and the decision to act. The managers of the company and the consultant come into mutual understanding regarding the meaning of the analysis and the areas that are to be focused for the upcoming activities. Thereby, the managers of ADHN decide on how to act with the help of the consultant. The fourth phase of the process is the engagement and the implementation of the recommendations. In the organisation, certain activities in the service of the goal are carried out. The activities can be either performed or guided by the consultant. The last phase of the process is the extension, recycle or the closure of the process. Once the activities are completed, the managers of the company and the consultants review the progress of the activities according to their intentions. If the work is completed, the consultant might close the complete process. However, if some other actions are to be performed, it is the phase where the negotiation about the contract needs to be done. The intervention or the evaluation of the process can be effectively performed if the effective implementation of the individual skills, team skills and the approaches used (Goetsch and Davi 2014). Conclusion Analyzing the several aspects of the project it can be inferred that firms in the hospitality industry greatly depend on their internal aspects. In addition to serving the people with a extraordinary experience, the management of the brand tends to fill up gaps in the business framework. Concerning, UAE the nation has achieved a diversified growth over the last few years. Moreover, it is also seen that a growth in a company has lead to an additional rise in several high impacting issues. The Abu Dhabi National Hotel (ADNH) being one of the most reputed brands has largely taken to fill up pitfalls. It is often that the managers of the firm work in collaboration with experts not only to implement several advanced techniques, but also to seek help in areas that require betterment concern. Moreover, it is noted that the firm also tends to collect necessary information that help in understanding areas of lacking. With a diversification of methodologies, the managers are likely to opt for the most benefitting ones that help in developing prevailing conditions. Furthermore, flaws of the management system and taskforce are often recognized as the root cause to problems in an organization. A study of the internal aspects of ADNH helps to understand the implementation of problem solving ways and its impact. Also, the goal and objectives are often regarded as the most basic medium that act as a backbone in decision making areas. In addition to the requirements of stakeholders, especially the customers, managers seek to focus on an optimum use of available resources that mitigate issues. Regarding the process model, the brand concentrates on adapting to the dynamic internal and external conditions. The virtuous circle that focuses on driving the future of brands is also referred to as the one of the most consultancy aspect. Among the various methods, communication, transparency, and development of mechanism help in improving situations. Moreover, a change in the functional attributes of an hotel`s business framework contribute towards enhancing problem solving and societal welfare. In addition to dissolving problems, the management of ADNH also tends to maximize sustainability concerns. It is only through a diagnosed problem solving which allows the firm to successfully integrate developmental measures. It can also be seen that a problem`s intervention into the hotel`s framework is also considered by the management. Being divided into four phases, the evaluation of the process can be effectively performed if the effective implementation of the individual skills, team skills and the approaches used. Scrutinizing the several aspects of the report it can be concluded that development of hotel businesses increasingly depend on internal characteristics. Further, it is through proper planning, managing, and coordinating that the internal issues can be solved in an easy manner. References Abe, M. and Kudo, M., 2016, June. Analyzing Business Processes by Automatically Detecting KPI Thresholds. InServices Computing (SCC), 2016 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 187-194). IEEE. Adnh.com. (2016).Abu Dhabi National Hotels - Hotels, Catering, Transport, Tours.. [online] Available at: https://www.adnh.com/ [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016]. Adnh.com. (2016).Corporate Governance - Abu Dhabi National Hotels. [online] Available at: https://www.adnh.com/contents/page/corporate-governance/20574 [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016]. Adnh.com. (2016).Latest News - Abu Dhabi National Hotels. [online] Available at: https://www.adnh.com/news/year/2015 [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016]. Adnh.com. (2016).Overview - Abu Dhabi National Hotels. [online] Available at: https://www.adnh.com/contents/page/overview/20570 [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016]. Ahmad, S.Z. and Saber, H., 2015. Understanding marketing strategies with particular reference to small-and medium-sized hotel businesses in the United Arab Emirates.Tourism and Hospitality Research, p.1467358414567799. Ahmad, S.Z., 2015. Entrepreneurship in the small and medium-sized hotel sector.Current Issues in Tourism,18(4), pp.328-349. Assaf, A.G. and Barros, C.P., 2013. A global benchmarking of the hotel industry.Tourism Economics,19(4), pp.811-821. Barber, N.A. and Deale, C., 2014. Tapping mindfulness to shape hotel guests sustainable behavior.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,55(1), pp.100-114. Carnmarata, S., McArthur, D. and Steeb, R., 2014. STRATEGIES OF COOPERATION IN DISTRIBUTED PROBLEM SOLVING!.Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence, p.102. Cortese, C. and Sahli, M., 2015. Environmental Practices and Hotels Performance: an empirical analysis of the accommodation sector in Dubai.The Environment People Nexus in Sustainable Tourism: Finding the Balance, p.118. Cortese, C. and Sahli, M., 2015. Environmental Practices and Hotels Performance: an empirical analysis of the accommodation sector in Dubai.The Environment People Nexus in Sustainable Tourism: Finding the Balance, p.118. Davenport, T.H., 2013.Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Dekker, R., Fleischmann, M., Inderfurth, K. and van Wassenhove, L.N. eds., 2013.Reverse logistics: quantitative models for closed-loop supply chains. Springer Science Business Media. Desai, S.S., 2013. An Analysis of the Competitive Marketing Strategies of the Hospitality Industry in UAE.IUP Journal of Management Research,12(1), p.22. Egan, G., 2013.The skilled helper: A problem-management and opportunity-development approach to helping. Cengage Learning. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Heizer, J., Render, B. and Munson, C., 2016.Principles of operations management: sustainability and supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Hicks, M.J., 2013.Problem solving in business and management: hard, soft and creative approaches. Springer. Hoque, K., 2013.Human resource management in the hotel industry: Strategy, innovation and performance. Routledge. Jeston, J. and Nelis, J., 2014.Business process management. Routledge. Kolb, D.A., 2014.Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT press. Koripadu, M. and Subbaiah, K.V., 2014. Problem Solving Management Using Six Sigma Tools Techniques.International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research,3(2), pp.91-93. Kotas, R., 2014.Management accounting for hotels and restaurants. Routledge. Lockyer, T., 2013.The international hotel industry: Sustainable management. Routledge. Morris, S. and Kazi, S., 2016. Planning an accessible expo 2020 within Dubais 5 star hotel industry from legal and ethical perspectives.Journal of Tourism Futures,2(1), pp.88-94. Torres, E. and Kline, S., 2013. From customer satisfaction to customer delight: Creating a new standard of service for the hotel industry.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,25(5), pp.642-659. Park, S.Y. and Allen, J.P., 2013. Responding to online reviews problem solving and engagement in hotels.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,54(1), pp.64-73. Proctor, T., 2014.Creative problem solving for managers: developing skills for decision making and innovation. Routledge. Huscroft, J., T. Hazen, B., J. Hall, D., B. Skipper, J. and B. Hanna, J., 2013. Reverse logistics: past research, current management issues, and future directions.The International Journal of Logistics Management,24(3), pp.304-327. Sloan, P., Legrand, W. and Chen, J.S., 2013.Sustainability in the Hospitality Industry 2nd Ed: Principles of Sustainable Operations. Routledge. Sternberg, R.J. and Frensch, P.A., 2014.Complex problem solving: Principles and mechanisms. Psychology Press. Stoverink, R.J., Duett, K.L., McAlister, S.A.W. and Henning, M.T., Sprint Communications Company LP, 2014.Integrated monitoring in problem management in service desk. U.S. Patent 8,713,033. Sturdy, A., Wylie, N. and Wright, C., 2013. Management consultancy and organizational uncertainty: the case of internal consultancy.International Studies of Management Organization,43(3), pp.58-73. Wang, C.H., Chen, K.Y. and Chen, S.C., 2012. Total quality management, market orientation and hotel performance: The moderating effects of external environmental factors.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(1), pp.119-129. Wolfe, K.L., Phillips, W.J. and Asperin, A., 2014. Using hotel supervisors emotional intelligence as a benchmark for hospitality students.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Education,26(1), pp.2-9.

And Then There Were None Essay Example

And Then There Were None Essay And Then There Were None, written by Agatha Christie, is an intriguing murder mystery that finds eight people, all strangers to each other, are invited to Indian Island, off the English coast. On the island already are two people, Mr. and Mrs. Rogers, the butler and housekeeper. The killer follows the lines of a poem, Ten Little Indians, for each victims death. Several critics claim the novel should not be considered an important literary piece because its characters are not fully developed. Through reading the novel, I discovered several very well developed characters. One character we are able to learn a lot about is Vera Claythorne. Because that she is the tenth little Indian, she lasts to the end; and, because of the setup of a good murder mystery, we get to see the many sides of a characters psyche which allows us to better interpret the characters full personality. When the novel begins Vera Claythorne is a former governess who is working as a games mistress at a third-class school. She takes a summer job on Indian Island, believing that she has been hired to serve as a secretary to a Mrs. Una Owen. Like the other characters, Vera has a dark secret. At her last job, she was governess to a spoiled little rich boy named Cyril Hamilton. She let Cyril drown so that his relative, Hugo, would inherit his money and then be rich enough to marry her. An inquest cleared her of any wrongdoing, but Hugo, certain that Vera had let Cyril die, would have nothing more to do with her. Throughout the novel, Veras guilty memories of her crime plague her. She oft en thinks of Hugo and feels as if he is watching her. We will write a custom essay sample on And Then There Were None specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on And Then There Were None specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on And Then There Were None specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In some ways, Vera is one of the most intelligent and capable characters in the novel, which explains why she is one of the last people left standing. She outwits the resourceful Philip Lombard, who thinks she is a murderer, by stealing his gun and then summoning up the courage to shoot him when he leaps at her. Despite her strength, however, Vera is not emotionally stable. In addition to her recurrent bouts of guilt over Cyrils death, she is strongly affected by the almost supernatural nature of the events on the island and prone to attacks of nervous hysteria. More than anyone else, she fixates on the Ten Little Indians poem that lends an air of eerie inevitability to the murders. The confluence of these factors-her guilt, her tendency toward hysteria, and her fascination with the nursery rhyme-enables Wargrave to create a suggestive environment complete with a noose and the smell of the sea, which inspires Vera to hang herself and fulfill the last line of the poem. As the second to last to die, Philip Lombard is well defined and can be understood with ease. There is a lot of information received from his past that becomes apparent in his behavior as the story progresses. Lombard has the most mysterious past of anyone on the island. He is a world traveler and a former military man who seems to have served as a soldier of fortune in Africa. In the epilogue, one of the policemen describes him as having been mixed up in some very curious shows abroad [the] sort of fellow who might do several murders in some quiet out-of-the-way spot. He comes to Indian Island after Isaac Morris hires him, supposedly because Mr. Owen needs a good man in a tight spot. Clearly a dangerous man, Lombard carries a gun and is frequently described as moving like a panther. He is bold enough to initiate several searches of the island, perceptive enough to suspect Judge Wargrave of being the killer, and brave enough to voice his suspicions. Lombard is also honest: he owns u p to his past misdeeds. When the recorded voice accuses him of leaving twenty-one men from an East African tribe to die in the bush, Lombard cheerfully admits to it, saying there was only enough food for himself and a friend, and so they took off with it. The other characters cannot bring themselves to admit their own guilt, but Lombard has no such qualms. Lombard does display a weakness, however, that ultimately brings about his downfall: his chivalrous and old-fashioned attitude toward women. In the first group conversation about the murders, he suggests excluding the women from the list of potential suspects, since he considers them incapable of homicidal behavior. Lombards tendency to underestimate women enables Vera to steal his gun. Lombard figured all his life had taken the risky way, mine as well take it now, but as he leaps at Vera to retrieve the gun she shoots him in mid-flight. His death actually brings Vera and Lombard into a strange alliance, since it makes them the only two characters to die at the hand of someone other than Wargrave. These characters are only two out of ten who are introduced distinctly and display obvious, rational changes throughout the novel. The characters are greatly believable and because of their true to life human characteristics and mood changes you find yourself constantly second-guessing yourself. Agatha Christie ties all the characters together nicely with no loose ends or confusing explanations.

Economic Deflation and How to Prevent It

Economic Deflation and How to Prevent It Is the problem that there is more to printing money than printing money? Is, in fact, the way printed money gets into circulation, that the Fed buys bonds, and thus gets money into the economy? What is the logical rabbit trail that leads to inflation from printing money? Would solving deflation this way work with todays low-interest rates? Why or why not? Deflation has been a hot topic since about 2001 and the fear of deflation does not look like it will subside anytime soon. What Is Deflation? This article on why money has value explains that inflation occurs when money becomes relatively less valuable than goods. Then deflation is simply the opposite, that over time money is becoming relatively more valuable than the other goods in the economy. Following the logic of that article, deflation can occur because of a combination of four factors: The supply of money goes down.The supply of other goods goes up.Demand for money goes up.Demand for other goods goes down. Before we decide that the Fed should increase the money supply, we have to determine how much of a problem deflation really is and how the Fed can influence the money supply. First, well look at the problems caused by deflation. Most economists agree that deflation is both a disease and a symptom of other problems in the economy. In Deflation: The Good, The Bad and the Ugly, Don Luskin at Capitalism Magazine examines James Paulsens differentiation of good deflation and bad deflation. Paulsens definitions are clearly looking at deflation as a symptom of other changes in the economy. He describes good deflation as occurring when businesses are able to constantly produce goods at lower and lower prices due to cost-cutting initiatives and efficiency gains. This is simply factor 2 The supply of other goods goes up on our list of the four factors which cause deflation. Paulsen refers to this as good deflation since it allows GDP growth to remain strong, profit growth to surge and unemployment to fall without inflationary consequence. Bad deflation is a more difficult concept to define. Paulsen simply states that bad deflation has emerged because even though selling price inflation is still trending lower, corporations can no longer keep up with cost reductions and/or efficiency gains. Both Luskin and I have difficulty with that answer, as it seems like half an explanation. Luskin concludes that bad deflation is actually caused by the revaluation of a countrys monetary unit of account by that countrys central bank. In essence, this is really factor 1 The supply of money goes down from our list. So bad deflation is caused by a relative decline in the money supply and good deflation is caused by a relative increase in the supply of goods. These definitions are inherently flawed because deflation is caused by relative changes. If the supply of goods in a year increases by 10% and the supply of money in that year increases by 3% causing deflation, is this good deflation or bad deflation? Since the supply of goods has increased, we have good deflation, but since the central bank hasnt increased the money supply fast enough we should also have bad deflation. Asking whether goods or money caused deflation is like asking When you clap your hands, is the left hand or the right hand responsible for the sound?. Saying that goods grew too fast or money grew too slowly is inherently saying the same thing since were comparing goods to money, so good deflation and bad deflation are terms that probably should be retired. Looking at deflation as a disease tends to get more agreement among economists. Luskin says that the true problem with deflation is that it causes problems in business relationships: If you are a borrower, you are contractually committed to making loan payments that represent more and more purchasing power - while at the same time the asset you bought with the loan to begin with is declining in nominal price. If you are a lender, chances are that your borrower will default on your loan to him under such conditions. Colin Asher, an economist at Nomura Securities, told Radio Free Europe that the problem with deflation is that in deflation [theres] a declining spiral. Businesses make less profits so they cut back [on] employment. People feel less like spending money. Businesses then dont make any profits and everything works itself into a declining spiral. Deflation also has a psychological element as it becomes rooted in peoples psychologies and becomes self-perpetuating. Consumers are discouraged from buying expensive items like automobiles or homes because they know those things will be cheaper in the future. Mark Gongloff at CNN Money agrees with these opinions. Gongloff explains that when prices fall simply because people have no desire to buy - leading to a vicious cycle of consumers postponing spending because they believe prices will fall further - then businesses cant make a profit or pay off their debts, leading them to cut production and workers, leading to lower demand for goods, which leads to even lower prices. While I havent polled every economist who has written an article on deflation this should give you a good idea of what the general consensus on the subject. A psychological factor that has been overlooked is how many workers look at their wages in nominal terms. The problem with deflation is that the forces causing prices in general to drop should cause wages to drop as well. Wages, however, tend to be rather sticky in the downward direction. If prices rise 3% and you give your employees a 3% raise, theyre roughly as well off as they were before. This is equivalent to the situation where prices drop 2% and you cut the pay of your employees by 2%. However, if employees are looking at their wages in nominal terms, theyll be much happier with a 3% raise than a 2% pay cut. A low level of inflation makes it easier to adjust wages in an industry whereas deflation causes rigidities in the labor market. These rigidities lead to an inefficient level of labor usage and slower economic growth. Now weve seen some of the reasons why deflation is undesirable, we must ask ourselves: What can be done about deflation? Of the four factors listed, the easiest one to control is number 1 The supply of money. By increasing the money supply, we can cause the inflation rate to rise, so we can avoid deflation. In order to understand how this works, we first need a definition of the money supply. The money supply is more than just the dollar bills in your wallet and the coins in your pocket. Economist Anna J. Schwartz defines the money supply as follows: The U.S. money supply comprises currency - dollar bills and coins issues by the Federal Reserve System and the Treasury - and various kinds of deposits held by the public at commercial banks and other depository institutions such as savings and loans and credit unions. There are three broad measures economists use when looking at the money supply: M1, a narrow measure of moneys function as a medium of exchange; M2, a broader measure that also reflects moneys function as a store of value; and M3, a still broader measure that covers items that many regard as close substitutes of money. How the Money Rupple Is Influenced The Federal Reserve has several options at its disposal in order to influence the money supply and thereby raise or lower the inflation rate. The most common way the Federal Reserve changes the inflation rate is by changing the interest rate. The Fed influences interest rates causes the supply of money to change. Suppose the Fed wishes to lower the interest rate. It can do this by buying government securities in exchange for money. By buying up securities on the market, the supply of those securities goes down. This causes the price of those securities to go up and the interest rate to decline. The relationship between the price of a security and interest rates is explained on the third page of my article The Dividend Tax Cut and Interest Rates. When the Fed wants to lower interest rates, it buys a security, and by doing so it injects money into the system because it gives the holder of the bond money in exchange for that security. So the Federal Reserve can increase the money supply by lowering interest rates through buying securities and decrease the money supply by raising the interest rates by selling securities. Influencing interest rates is a commonly used method of reducing inflation or avoiding deflation. Gongloff at CNN Money cites a Federal Reserve study that says Japans deflation could have been dodged, for example, if the Bank of Japan (BOJ) had only cut interest rates by 2 more percentage points between 1991 and 1995. Colin Asher points out that sometimes that if interest rates are too low, this method of controlling deflation is no longer an option, as currently in Japan where interest rates are practically zero. Changing interest rates in some circumstances is an effective way of controlling deflation through controlling the money supply. We finally get to the original question: Is the problem that there is more to printing money than printing money? Is, in fact, the way printed money gets into circulation, that the Fed buys bonds, and thus gets money into the economy?. Thats precisely what happens. The money the Fed gets to buy government securities has to come from somewhere. Generally, it is just created in order for the Fed to carry out its open market operations. So in most instances, when economists talk about printing more money and the Fed lowering interest rates theyre talking about the same thing. If interest rates are already zero, as in Japan, there is little room to lower them further, so using this policy to fight deflation will not work well. Fortunately, interest rates in the U.S. have not yet reached the lows of those in Japan. Next week well look at seldom used ways of influencing the money supply that the United States may want to consider in order to fight deflation. If youd like to ask a question about deflation or comment on this story, please use the feedback form.

Psychology human development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Psychology human development - Essay Example Identify the theorist (s) associated with cognitive development? The development of cognition in infancy starts when the child becomes aware of his surroundings and begins to explore it. The process of exploration however entails the use of intellect which is a product of adaptation and organization. For the child to adjust to his environment, assimilation and accommodation has to take place. On the other hand, a child is said to have organized his thoughts when he systematically combines structural schemes that are accompanied with ideas and actions. According to the theory of Piaget, the development of the child’s cognition undergoes different stages to include sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete, and period of formal operations. The child’s cognition becomes refined in each stage thus the child has different reasoning ability as he grows older. For instance, at age two months, the child thoughts are symbolic in nature without thinking of the consequences of his ac tions, as he reaches the next stage, he can associate single and simple words with objects until he can be able to use numbers, size and can relate to time and eventually he knows to reason out. 2.

Article 234 EC Treaty and the European Court of Justice Research Paper

Article 234 EC Treaty and the European Court of Justice - Research Paper Example The doctrines of direct effect and the supremacy of the EC law over the national law are the fundamental foundations of this structure. Under the doctrine of direct effect, individuals are bestowed with legal rights, which enable them to invoke the national courts directly to challenge the Member State’s failure to adopt the provisions of the EC law. Under the doctrine of supremacy, the EC law precedes national law in the event of any conflict between the National law and the EC law. Accordingly, by virtue of these two important doctrines, the European Court of Justice transformed the preliminary ruling system from a mechanism in which individuals can challenge the EC law in the national courts into a framework in which individuals can challenge the national law in national courts in order to make the EC law prevail upon the national law3. Initially, there was a significant amount of protest by the national courts. Subsequently, the national courts began to accept such challenges under direct effect and commenced to protect the Community rights of individuals. Moreover, whenever an interpretation was required in a particular case, the national courts referred these cases to the European Court of Justice for clarification4. There were a few such preliminary references in the 1960s. They increased to nearly fifty by mid-1970s, over one hundred in the early 1980s, and around two hundred by 1990s. This clearly established that the national courts had become the key elements of the European legal system. In this manner, they have become a part of the judicial relationship of the European Court of Justice.

Pros and Cons of the Death Penalty Research Paper

Pros and Cons of the Death Penalty - Research Paper Example Today, close to 58 countries around the world actively employ the penalty against those who commit capital offenses. Although close to 96 countries have abolished the use of death penalties against humans, several others still have it still entrenched within their judicial systems without practicing it for at least the last ten years owing to its controversial nature. The death penalty has drawn great and uncommon controversy throughout the world with different groups and members of society taking different stands concerning the subject. In fact, the subject of death penalty is a matter of active debate even among states, nations and territories. With regard to the subject, people often take differing stands even though they may share similar political, religious and cultural ideologies. This paper discusses the subject of death penalty and will mainly focus on the pros and cons of employing the mode of punishment according to different viewers and commentators. The death penalty is the pre-meditated and planned process of killing a human being in reaction to an offence committed by the person (Banner, 2002).. Also known as capital punishment, the act is normally done by a government against a person who has legally been convicted through a legal or judicial process. There are several methods that have been employed in executing capital punishments against people accused of committing capital offenses as noted by Hood (2002). Historically, the death sentence was carried out mostly in the most painful of ways. In many ancient societies, convicts were often stoned to death while in other societies the convicts’ heads were severed using different means. For example in ancient Russia, executioners used swords to chop of the heads of those who were condemned to die while in France, the victim’s head was cut off using a guillotine. Ferocious or venomous animals were also used in some societies to cause the deaths of those who

Creativity And Innovation In The Workplace Commerce Essay

Creativity And Innovation In The Workplace Commerce Essay So in this context, what is creativity and what is innovation? Often they are not distinguished. They are simply seen as part of the process by which knowledge is developed and transformed into business value. This is a perfectly acceptable definition, but again like the failure to differentiate between information and knowledge it is not very useful for the purpose of discussing the subject area.. . It is important to distinguish between creativity and innovation because the processes are different, the risks are different, the starting points are different, and the climates needed for achievement are different, and there are consequences of these differences. To support this argument, the author has divided this essay into three main parts. First of all creativity and innovation is defined according to different researchers. Then the some basic differences between them is discussed. At the end, the author has described process of creativity and innovation to support his arguments. Creative thinking, creativity and innovation are separate and distinct things. Creative thinking is a process that can be taught, creativity is a phenomenon about which can be taught, and innovation is more than creativity. Creativity is the production of novel and useful ideas in any domain whereas the innovation is the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organization.(stein 1974, woodman, sawyer and griffen 1993). West and Farr (1990) consider creativity as the ideation component of innovation and innovation as encompassing both the proposal and applications of the new ideas (p. 10). In this view, creativity by individuals and teams is a starting point for innovation; the first is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the second. Amabile and shermaine montefalco et al. (1996) Creativity is the production of novel and useful ideas in any domain whereas the innovation is the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organization.(stein 1974, woodman, sawyer and griffen 1993). West and Farr (1990) consider creativity as the ideation component of innovation and innovation as encompassing both the proposal and applications of the new ideas (p. 10). .Successful innovation does not only depends upon the idea coming from inside the organization but can also comes from outside the organization. Many researchers have argue that the innovation is not a linear process (Drazin and Schoonhoven, 1996; van de ven, 1986; Scgroeder et al 1986; Van de ven at al 1999) it may be conceived of as cyclical with periods of innovation initiation, implementation, adaptation and stabilization. Creativity is likely to be most evident in first stage of innovation. (iainchalmers  , 2007) from Human Motivation, 3rd ed., by Robert E. Franken: Creativity is defined as the tendency to generate or recognize ideas, alternatives, or possibilities that may be useful in solving problems, communicating with others, and entertaining ourselves and others. (page 396) Three reasons why people are motivated to be creative: need for novel, varied, and complex stimulation need to communicate ideas and values need to solve problems (page 396) Creativity is any act, idea, or product that changes an existing domain, or that transforms an existing domain into a new oneWhat counts is whether the novelty he or she produces is accepted for inclusion in the domain. Creativity is the ability to produce work that is both nove,(i.e, original, unexpected) abd appropriate(i.e, useful, adaptive concerning task constrains)(lubart, 1994: Ochse 1990; Sternberg 1988; Sternberg and lubart 1991, 1995, 1996) Components of creativity: Expertise encompasses everything that a person knows and can do in the broad domain of his or her work. Creative thinking, as noted above, refers to how people approaches problems and solutions- their capacity to put existing ideas together in new combinations. The skill itself depends quite a bit on personality and as well as on how a person thinks and works. Expertise and creative thinking are a individuals raw materials- his or her natural resources, if you will. But a third factor- motivation- determines what peoples will actually do. If an individual have outstanding educational credentials and a great facility in generating new prospective to do a particular job, but if he lacks the motivation to do that job, he will not do that; his expertise and creative thinking will not give him any advantage. People will be more creative when they feel motivated primarily by the interest, satisfaction, and challenge of the work itself- and not by external pressures. There also exists the enormous graveyard of innovations that have never been adopted and not necessarily because they are the results of repetitive, foolish, or simply reproductive processes(Paolo Legrenzi, Creativity and Innovation, http://www.iuav.it/Ricerca1/Dipartimen/dADI/Working-Pa/wp_2007_02.pdf) I believe that there is a difference between creativity and innovation and agree with Robinson and Sterns explanation:10 †¢ Creativity the results of creativity in companies are improvements or changes to what is already done. †¢ Innovation the results of innovation in companies are entirely new activities for the company The key words, improvements and new, help define the difference in these terms. However, creative thinking is part of the innovation process. Another way of explaining this comes from the late management consultant, Richard Byrd, who defined innovation as creativity times risktaking. Japan railway east is the largest rail carrier in the world. When they decided to construct a new bullet-train line through the mountains north of Tokyo, they never anticipated that this would open the doors of a new business horizon for them- the beverages. JR east have to construct many tunnels, and water causes problem there. The JR plans to drain this water away. But the crew inside the tunnel found a new solution of this problem; they were using to drink that. One of the workers liked it taste so much that he give suggestion to the JR to bottle this water and sale as premium mineral water instead of draining that into runoffs. His idea was implemented and soon the water was marketed with the brand name of OSHIMIZU. Within a short period of time it become so popular that JR plants vending machines at most of its platforms and establish a subsidiary company who only deals with this water. This idea turns so profitable that in 1994, sales of Oshimizu beverages were $ 47 million and its also started to sell juices as well as iced and hot teas and coffees.( Corporate creativity: how innovation and improvement actually happen   By Alan G. Robinson, Sam Stern) Most researchers and managers recognize that creativity at the individual level represents only part of the challenge. Organizations must create environments that allow and encourage employees to engage in creativity. Most organizations have developed layers of rules, procedures and bureaucratic processes that stifle creativity (MacKenzie, 1998).To be creative, the management has to tolerate the mistakes and accept the degree of risk involved with this. It also requires the long term commitment of time and resources whereas; the risk of failure is also there to be considered (Yukl, 2006). Creativity is the long term investment of any organization, which cant be start or stop any time. Firms commonly encourage employees to use their creativity and judgment through empowerment (Gandz and Bird, 1996). Hence, the management culture of an organization is the major factor which initiates the creativity in an organization. On the other hand, much lower degree of risk is involved in the innovation. In innovation the success is ascertain, so the process can be terminated at any desired stage. Innovation does not require a long term commitment of time and resources. Innovation is more likely to occur in groups where there is support for innovation, and where innovation attempts are rewarded rather than punished (Amabile, 1983; Kanter, 1983) In modern age, creativity is considered as a science which can be learnt. Several universities offer courses and degrees in the field of creativity and creative problem solving where as there are only a few offer coerces in the field of innovation. For organizations it is easy to train their employees more creative and effective in their work. On the other hand, innovation is much more informal field. No specific body of knowledge serve a basic of teaching and learning for innovation. Most of innovative techniques are derived from the basics of creativity. Conclusion: Chances are that the very successful leaders of the future will be more likely to make creativity and innovation a strategic priority in their organizations if they better understand the reality of what they really are rather than an unsubstantiated myth. How they are different. Why they are both needed, and how to make them both happen in the right way at the right time in the business cycle. Referances: (iainchalmers  , 2007) Creativity vs Innovation the ugly truth, http://blogs.holstgroup.co.uk/greenhat_thinking/2008/03/07/creativity-vs-innovation-the-ugly-truth/ The innovation process may be divided into three areas: the fuzzy front end (FFE), the new product development (NPD) process, and commercialization, as indicated in Figure 1-1.1 The first part-the FFE-is generally regarded as one of the greatest opportunities for improvement of the overall innovation process.2 Many companies have dramatically improved cycle time and efficiency by implementing a formal Stage-GateTM (Cooper 1993) or PACE_ (McGrath and Akiyama 1996) approach for managing projects in the NPD portion of the innovation process. Attention is increasingly being focused on the front-end activities that precede this formal and structured process in order to increase the value, amount, and success probability of high-profit concepts entering product development and commercialization. The comparison was complicated because there was a lack of common terms and definitions for key elements of the FFE. Without a common language and vocabulary, the ability to create new knowledge and make distinctions between different parts of the process may be impossible (Krough, Ichijo, and Nonaka 2000). Knowledge transfer is ineffective or unlikely if both parties mean different things, even when they are using the same terms. These insights led us to believe that we could improve understanding of the FFE by describing it using terms that mean the same thing to everyone. The front end of innovation, or what us often called fuzzy front end , presents one of the greatest opportunities for improving the overall innovation process. New concept development model: The NCD model, shown in figure below, compromises of three key elements: The inner area defines the five key elements compriseing the front end of innovation The engine or Bulls Eye portion which drives the five front-end ekements and is fuelled by the leadership and culture of the organisation. The influencing factors, or environment on the periphery . consists of organizational capabilities, business strategy, the outside world(i.e., distribution channels, customers and competitors), and the enabling science that will be utalized. FIVE FRONT END ELEMEENTS: OPPORTUNITY IDENTIFICATION. This is where the organization, by design or default, identifies the opportunities that the companu might want to pursue. Business and technological opportunities are explicitly considered so that resources will eventuallu be allocated to new areas of market growth and/pr operating effectiveness and efficienscy. This element is tupiucally driven by the goals of the business. The opportunity might be a totally new direction for the business or a minor upgrade to an existing project. 2. opportunity analysis: Additional information is needed for translating opportunity identification into specific business and technology opportunities and making early and other uncertain technology and marlet assessment. Extensive effoert may be committed for focus groups, maeket studies and sceientificn expertise. However, the amount of effort expended is dependent upon the attractiveness of the opportunit. 3. idea genesis: Genesis is the development and materation of the opportunity into a concrete idea. This represents an evolutionary process in which ideas are built upon, torn down, combined , reshaped, modified,and updated. Ideas may be generated by anyone with a passion for a particular idea, problem, need, or situation. Ideas may be generated or enriched by others through the efforts of a key individual or champion (Markham 1998; Markham and Griffin 1998). Idea selection: In most businesses there a re so many products/process ideas that the critical activity is to choose which idea to pursue in order to achieve the most business value. Selection may be as simple as an individials choice amoung many self generated options or as formalized as a prescribed portfolio method. More formalized project selection and resource allocation in the FEI is difficult die to limited information and understanding at this point. Concept and technology development: The final element of the model involves the development of a business case based on estimates of market potential, customer needs, investment requirements, competitor assessments, technology unknowns, and overall project risk. The environment: The FFE exists in an environment of influencing factors. The factors are the corporations organizational capabilities, customer and competitor influences, the outside worlds influences, and the depth and strength of enabling sciences and technologyThe outside world, government policy, environmental regulations, laws concerning patents, and socioeconomic trends all affect the FFE as well as the new product development or Stage-GateTM part of the innovation process. Some of these factors are indicated in Porters five force model (1987). THE ENGINE (LEADERSHIP, CULTURE, AND BUSINESS STRATEGY) The element of leadership, culture, and business strategy sets the environment for successful innovation. Proficiency in this element distinguishes highly innovative companies from less innovative ones (Koen et al. 2001). Continuous senior management support for innovation has been shown in numerous studies to be critical to new product development success (Cooper and Kleinschmidt 1995; Song and Parry 1996; Swink 2000). Culture in the FFE fundamentally differs from that in the NPD and operations parts of the organization (Buckler 1997).

A Jack of All Trades: The Importance of Being Well-Rounded in the Workplace :: essays research papers

A JACK OF ALL TRADES: The Importance of Being Well-Rounded in the Workplace Introduction There are literally hundreds of desirable traits in the workplace. Of these, one of the arguably most important is to be well-rounded in the workplace. Many skills can assist an individual in being a well-rounded employee. Oral communication skills, written communication skills, teamwork, technical skills, leadership skills, adaptation skills, computer skills, interpersonal skills and analytic abilities are some of the key factors to a well-rounded employee. While these skills all seem to be of equal ability to the well-rounded employee, the scope of this paper will only delve into a few of the skills preceding. Technical skills, oral communication skills and leadership skills will all be detailed in this review in an attempt to help you (the reader) become a well-rounded employee. Technical Skills in the Workplace Technical skills are the formal name for the knowledge to perform the task at hand. One acquires technical skills by training in formal school systems or in the work environment. Experience is probably one of the most important factors in growing your technical skill in a subject. The importance of technical skills in the workplace is undeniable. Without the knowledge of the subject at hand, there is virtually no way possible to be a well-rounded person. Without technical skills you are not likely to be able to even do the job at hand. Here’s a brief story for example about an individual in the workplace, and how his lack of technical skills hindered his ability to be well rounded in the workplace, and eventually cost him his job. John was a college graduate with a degree in Computer Science. He had completed his degree with a GPA of 3.5. He began his search for a job immediately following his graduation and landed a great job in the technology field based on his merit and because of his professionalism and great communication skills. However, John had very little practical knowledge that is used in the IT field. He had no past experience beyond his degree, no industry level certifications. While his education had trained him in many different facets of computer technology, he lacked the one driving technical skill to help him determine where he would be best suited. It turns out the job that he landed was in computer networking, and when his initial review came up in 3 months, the company decided that they were going to let him go because of his lack of technical skills and because they wanted someone more experienced who actually knew how to do the job.

Brainwashing & transforming

Brainwashing is the art of transforming a persons mind by putting together different types of attitudes. It is a sought of thought reform. Brainwashing is a sort of social influence on a person to try and change his way of thinking into somebody else’s viewpoint, without the assent of that person. Brainwashing can be achieved by either obliging or persuading the other person, to think in the line of the person who is brainwashing. To brainwash another person total segregation and belief of the subject is absolutely necessary.Brainwashing is usually undertaken in prisons, to change the mindset of the prisoners, and to help them think in a right manner, and to change their behaviour. The person who is brainwashing has to have the person to be brainwashed totally under his control, so much so that all the daily routines of the person are under the control of the person who is brainwashing. The person who is brainwashing influences the other person so much so that, the person†™s mind doesn’t work at all losing his complete identity.The brainwashing person than replaces the person’s mind with a different set of thoughts and behaviours. According to psychologists, brainwashing is possible under certain conditions, but while dealing with hardcore criminals or prisoners, it is necessary that they use physical abuse in order to see that these people are properly brainwashed. And to erase all their previous thoughts and identity, so that their mind will be fresh with a new set of attitudes after the brainwashing session, which helps them to improve their lifestyle, and lead a better life without going back to their criminal mannerisms.According to studies it is known that the effect of brainwashing is short term only, the original identity of the brainwashed person is totally not washed out, but it is hidden and once the present thoughts of the person stop working, the old identity comes out from hiding, and the person behaves in the same manne r as he used to previously. The results of brainwashing mostly are the same on every person irrespective of his culture, history and physical appearance.Some of the commonly used techniques in brainwashing are loneliness, as the people being brainwashed are isolated and not allowed to meet his friends or family members, insisting on agreement to certain demands which include matters such as clothing, food and money etc, the person is subjected to poignant blackmail, pressure, lenience occasionally, total control and criticism of the person being brainwashed to such an extent that the person doubts his own worth, and feels that everything he does is wrong.The person is reduced to such a wreck that he does not believe in himself. Brainwashing or mind control is used in many ways; it is used by many persons in different fields to their advantage. Parents use brainwashing on children, so that they can achieve a certain standing in social, personal and educational endeavours. While teach ers try to brainwash children in the classroom, so that they can have a clearer idea of what is being taught in class.Even hypnotizing a person is a sort of brainwashing or mind control, where in the person is taken to his subconscious state of mind, and made to believe that he is a completely changed person, by drilling into his mind different thoughts and behaviours that need to be replaced. Some people use fear or violence to brainwash a person, but this way of brainwashing is not right, as the brainwashed person cannot be controlled, because he will escape as soon as the brainwashing person leaves him.Some people might practice brainwashing to commit illegal activities like, they might brainwash or hypnotise a woman and try to rape or rob her. And some religious cults might try to brainwash people and force them into converting to a particular religion. Using brainwashing to commit such crimes should not be encouraged, and the effects of brainwashing should be used to change a p erson into a better human being. Brainwashing should be done to have control over a person’s mind, but not to put him out of control or doing such things which are not in his control.The Government authorities also use brainwashing to help them extract the truth from criminals by using shock treatments, lie detectors or narcotic analysis, which have an impact on their brain, by which they can find out if the criminal is telling the truth or not. To confound and weaken a person with the help of electronic equipment or chemicals is not controlling that person. Gaining control over a person who loses control over himself is not always the same.It is clear that the government authorities do not have control over anyone’s mind, and it is also clear that these authorities would do anything to gain control over a person’s mind. When a person physically abuses his wife on a daily basis, the wife who fears of violence does not reciprocate but bears her spouses tantrums a nd abuse, not because he has a control over her mind, but might be because she is totally dependent on her spouse. The wife doesn’t have any other choice, but to stay with her spouse. In other words the husband has reduced her chances in such a way that she cannot leave him.By staying on even after such battering, means that it is the wrong choice of the woman, but not the control her spouse has over her mind. Another method of brainwashing used by various religious missions is using love as a tool to control a person’s mind. These people make the person believe that they are the only people, who love them, and that they have faith in the person, and that the person should have faith in them. They try to convince the person to such a level that the person believes that even his family and friends are hurdles in his way to deliverance and attaining God’s faith.These people make the person so fearful that he believes that if he does not listen to them he might be punished, all this makes the person totally dependent on these people and he becomes obsessed. Guilt is also another strategy used by these people; they make the person feel so guilty that, he begins to believe that he is nothing without god and these people. They fill the person with so much contempt for him that he loses his ego, self esteem and his belief in himself. The person becomes completely reliant of these people that he is at the mercy of these people.Even psychiatrists follow such strategies to have the patient under their control. This strategy would help the psychiatrist in knowing the person even better, and this would help the doctor in curing the patient. When a person is under the spell of such people, these people might take the advantage of the situation and can try to rob the person of his whole property, when he is under their control. They might even make the person commit illegal activities on their behalf, which the person would come to know only after comin g to his senses.Under the control of such people a person can lose his wealth, his body and also his soul. Therefore brainwashing can be used for the good and the bad both. At sometimes it can help a person and other times it would completely ruin a person. Brainwashing is a very complex strategy; it is more of healing a person than a method. For example during the Korean War many US soldiers were brainwashed into communism. Brainwashing is such a technique which can break or make a man, it is a very complicated technique used by psychiatrists, religious missions, teachers, parents and the government authorities.This technique can be used to the full advantage, if it is understood properly and used in the right manner; it will give very good results and help people in solving their problems very effectively. When a person is brainwashed, he goes into a sort of trance and is completely in the control of the person who is brainwashing. The person is in such a situation that, he doesnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t remember any thing and his mind can be controlled by feeding some other thoughts, that he becomes a totally changed person after the brainwashing session.A person who is trying to brainwash another person, should be very smart and tactful when dealing with such situations, and he should have the power to make the other person believe him, then only he will have total control over the other person’s mind. On the whole brainwashing should be considered as an important and necessary strategy, and it should be employed by all and sundry wherever the necessity arises, but people should not take advantage of this strategy and should not try to use it for committing illegal activities.If used properly and effectively it could help cure so many people who are in depression and undergoing severe stress, it could help to make a convict a better person and help parents and teachers in guiding the children to better and bright futures. Brainwashing should be definitely used if a person can benefit and lose his depression and make him a better person. Works Cited Rober Todd Carroll, Mind Control (Brainwashing), The Skeptic’s Dictionary, 14 November 2007, . Julia Layton, How Brainwashing Works, How Stuff Works, 14 November 2007, . Julia Layton, How Brainwashing Works, Brainwashing Techiques, How Stuff Works, 14 November 2007, . Uzma Mazhar, Brainwashing Tactics in Domestic Violence, 14 November 2007, .